Final Paper - Table of Contents
November 2000

• 1.Introduction
• 1.1 Why the Kariba Dam as a Case Study?
• 1.2 The Location and Features of Kariba Dam and Hydropower Stations
• 1.3 Structure of this Report
• 1.4 Overview of the World Commission on Dams Global Case Study
• 2. The Context and Scope of The Kariba Case Study
• 2.1 The Zambezi River and the Zambezi River Basin
• 2.2 Brief History of Kariba Dam
• 2.3 Objectives and Components of the Kariba Dam Project
• 2.4 The Kariba Feasibility Studies and Reports
• 3.Projected Versus Actual Impacts of The Kariba Dam Project.
• 3.1 Time Schedule for Implementation
• 3.2 Project Costs
• 3.2.1 Projected Versus Actual Capital/Investment Expenditure
• 3.2.2 Evolution of Cost Estimates for Stage 1
• 3.2.2 Actual Capital Investment Expenditure - Stage 1 of the Kariba Project
• 3.2.3 Projected versus Actual Capital Investment - Stage 2 of the Kariba Project
• 3.2.4 Projected Versus Actual Recurrent Costs on Stage 1
• 3.2.5 Sources of Finance for the Kariba Dam Project
• 3.2.6 Projected Versus Actual Annual Costs on Stage
• 3.3 Hydropower Impacts
• 3.3.1 Projected and Actual Power Capacity and Generation
• 3.3.2 Power Benefits and Costs
• 3.3.3 Unpredicted Power Benefits
• 3.3.4 Other Benefits
• 3.3.5 The Impact of Kariba on Cost of Power
• 3.4 Social Impacts
• 3.4.1 Background: Profile of Basin Population
• 3.4.2 Economic Activities of the Valley Tonga Before Resettlement
• 3.4.3 The Displacement and Resettlement Processes: General Conditions
• 3.4.4 Two Approaches to Resettlement
• 3.4.5 Impacts on Other Basin Communities
• 3.4.6 Employment Opportunities During Dam Construction
• 3.4.7 Reparation and Rehabilitation Programmes Underway
• 3.4.8 Conclusions and Key Findings Regarding the Social Aspects
• 3.5 Agriculture and Irrigation
• 3.5.1 Agricultural and Irrigation Planning in Relation to the Kariba Project
• 3.5.2 Agriculture and Farming Systems in Kariba Dam Basin Prior to the Dam
• 3.5.3 Existing Irrigation Development Prior to Kariba Dam
• 3.5.4 The Kariba Resettlement Programme in Relation to Agriculture
• 3.5.5 Irrigation Development in Relation to the Kariba Project
• 3.5.6 Conclusions
• 3.6 Ecological Impacts of Lake Kariba
• 3.6.1 Projected Impacts
• 3.6.2 Actual Impacts
• 3.6.3 Conclusions
• 3.7 Seismic Impacts of the Lake Kariba Dam
• 3.7.1 Approach
• 3.7.2 General Appraisal of the Tectonics of the Kariba Area
• 3.7.3 Seismicity of Kariba
• 3.7.4 Conclusions
• 3.8 Impacts of Lake Kariba on Fisheries
• 3.8.1 The Fish Ecology of the Zambezi River Prior to Kariba
• 3.9 Impacts of Lake Kariba on Wildlife
• 3.9.1 The Wildlife of The Kariba Dam Basin Prior to Dam Construction
• 3.9.2 Wildlife considerations in the planning for Kariba Dam
• 3.9.3 Operation Noah and Wildlife Relocation during Construction of Kariba Dam
• 3.9.4 The Designation of Wildlife Areas as a Result of Kariba Dam
• 3.9.5 Expected and unexpected Impacts of Kariba Dam on the Wildlife of the Basin and Downstream areas
• 3.10 Tourism Impacts of Kariba Dam
• 3.10.1Kariba Town
• 3.10.2 Projected Impacts of Tourism in Kariba
• 3.10.3 Actual Impacts of Tourism
• 3.10.4 Conclusions with respect to Tourism.
• 3.11 . Hydrological Impacts on the Lake Kariba
• 3.11.1 Review the Hydrological Analysis that Preceded the Construction of Kariba
• 3.11.2An Analysis of Hydrological Data for the Zambezi River after Kariba Dam
• 3.11.3 Implications for the Design of Kariba Dam
• 3.11.4Analysis of the Impacts of Droughts on the Hydrology of the Kariba Dam
• 3.11.5 Analysis of the Conjunctive Operation of Power Plants in the Zambezi River Basin
• 3.11.6 Impacts of Kariba on the Hydrology of the Zambezi River Downstream of the Dam
• 3.11.7 Implications for Reservoir Planning and Design
• 3.11.8 Application of Predictive Models to the Hydrology of the Zambezi River and Kariba Dam
• 3.11.9 Expected versus Unexpected Impacts of Kariba Dam with Respect to Hydrology
• 3.11.10 Conclusions with Respect to Hydrology
• 3.12 Public Health and Water Borne Diseases Impacts of Kariba Dam
• 3.12.1The Situation of Water Borne Diseases in the Zambezi River Basin Prior to Kariba
• 3.12.2The Situation of Water Borne Diseases in Kariba Area in the Life of the Dam, including the Construction Phase.
• 3.12.3 Influence of Lake Kariba on incidence of HIV/AIDS and other diseases
• 3.12.4 Conclusions
• 3.13 Summary of Actual and Unexpected Impacts of Kariba Dam
• 4. Distribution of Costs and Benefits in the Kariba Dam Project
• 4.1 Anticipated Direct Outputs from the Project
• 4.1.1 Power/Electricity Generation
• 4.1.2 New Settlement Areas/Chiefdoms
• 4.1.3 Reservoir Water from the Dam
• 4.1.4 Employment Generation During Dam and Post Construction Phase
• 4.2 Anticipated Indirect Outputs from the Project
• 4.2.1 Irrigation and Irrigated Agriculture
• 4.2.2 Recreation/Tourism
• 4.2.3 Fishery Development
• 4.2.4 Transport Development
• 4.3 Who Paid the Costs of Developing the Kariba Hydropower Project
• 4.3.1 Financial Costs
• 4.3.2 Compensation of the Resettled People
• 4.4 Unanticipated Indirect Outputs from the Project
• 4.4.1 Wildlife Development
• 4.4.2 Equity in Regional Distribution of Costs and Benefits
• 4.4.3 Conclusions
• 5. Options Analysis and Decision-making
• 5.1 Options and Decisions during the Planning Stage
• 5.1.1 Decision on Thermal versus Hydropower
• 5.1.2 Formation of the Inter-Territorial Power Commission (1946)
• 5.1.3 Decision on Kariba versus Kafue
• 5.2 Moving to a Decision: Kariba First
• 5.2.1 Technical Justifications of the Choice of Kariba
• 5.2.2 Political Considerations and the Financing of the Additional Costs
• 5.2.3 Options and Decisions Relating to Resettlement of Displaced people
• 5.3 Options and Decisions During the Construction Phase
• 5.3.1 Design Changes to Spillway
• 5.3.2 Additional Work on the South Bank Abutment
• 5.3.3 Implementation of Kariba Phase 2 (North Bank power station)
• 5.4 Options and Decisions during the Operation Phase
• 6. Criteria and Guidelines: Policy Evolution and Compliance
• 6.1 Civil Engineering Design and Construction
• 6.2 Hydrology
• 6.3 Resettlement of Displaced People
• 6.4 Compliance with Environmental Guidelines and Policies
• 6.5 The Kariba Lake Coordination Committee
• 7. Views on Development Effectiveness and Lessons Learnt..
• 7.1 Assessment of the Development Effectiveness of the Kariba Project
• 7.2 Lessons Learned
• References

List of Annexes

• Annex 1: Important Milestones in the Evolution, Implementation and Operation of the Kariba Dam Project
• Annex 2: Kariba Hydropower Benefits
• Annex 3: Conversion Tables
• Annex 4: Faults and lineaments in the Lake Kariba area.
• Annex 5. Spatial distribution of all known earthquakes that have occurred in and around Lake Kariba for the period 1959 to 1994.
• Annex 6. Earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 and larger that have occurred in the Kariba area since
• Annex 7. Earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 and higher that have occurred in and around Lake Kariba
• Annex 8. Total number of earthquakes per year known to have occurred in the Kariba area during the period 1959 to
• Annex 9. The Fish Families Found in Pre-Impoundment Survey
• Annex 10. Fishes of Lake Kariba
• Annex 11. Systematic List of Mammals Recorded from the Kariba Basin before Impoundment.
• Annex 12. Animals rescued during Operation Noah in Southern Rhodesia. Source: Annual report of the Game Department,
• Annex 13. Victoria Falls Mean Monthly Flows
• Annex 14: Victoria Falls Annual Maximum Flows
• Annex 15. Victoria Falls Standardised Annual Flows
• Annex 16. Health Impact Summary Table
• Annex 17. Minutes of the Second Stakeholder Meeting -- Siavonga 19 - 21 February
• Annex 18. Comments and Feedback